Assess graduate-level understanding of ethical and regulatory challenges in cross-border health data sharing for disease surveillance. The quiz will test knowledge of privacy and consent issues, data protection frameworks (e.g., GDPR), International Health Regulations, governance and accountability models, security and interoperability concerns, equitable benefit-sharing, and mechanisms such as data transfer agreements and MOUs. Questions will require scenario analysis to identify compliance gaps, weigh public health benefits against individual rights, and propose practical mitigation strategies and policy recommendations.