Assess students' understanding of the physical, chemical, and anthropogenic drivers of coastal hypoxia (marine dead zones)—including nutrient loading, eutrophication, stratification, and reduced mixing—the resulting biogeochemical mechanisms (oxygen consumption during organic matter decomposition) and spatial–temporal patterns, plus ecological consequences for benthic and pelagic communities, food webs, nutrient cycling, and greenhouse gas emissions; students should also interpret basic oxygen/time or depth profiles and evaluate common mitigation and monitoring strategies.