Test students' ability to apply international human rights law standards—particularly the necessity and proportionality tests—to evaluate whether national security restrictions on freedom of expression are lawful. Scope includes relevant treaty provisions (e.g., ICCPR Article 19(3) and regional analogues), required elements for restrictions (prescribed by law, legitimate aim, necessity, proportionality), key jurisprudence from the UN Human Rights Committee and regional courts, balancing exercises weighing state interests against individual rights, identification of less intrusive alternatives, and formulation of reasoned conclusions and remedial recommendations. Expect application to hypothetical or real-case scenarios and citation of legal standards.